Hope yall enjoy!Buy us . Detailed by country: Rummel estimates POW deaths in Japanese custody at 539,000. Data from the Netherlands Institute of War Documentation puts the number of Dutch POW captured by the Japanese at 37,000 of whom 8,500 died. Confirmed losses of civilian sailors due to German attacks and mines. Universe, Inc. (July 13, 2005). Veritable and Grenade were planned to start on 8 February 1945, but Grenade was delayed by two weeks when the Germans flooded the Roer valley by destroying the gates of the Rur Dam upstream. Having been taken by surprise, the Allies regrouped and the Germans were stopped by a combined air and land counter-attack which eventually pushed them back to their starting points by 25 January 1945. Statistisches Jahrbuch fr die Bundesrepublik Deutschland 1960, p. 78. The US 6th Army Group fanned out to the southwest, passing to the east of Switzerland through Bavaria and into Austria and northern Italy.[when?] in the Dutch famine of 1944. The, Michael Ellman and S. Maksudov, Soviet Deaths in the Great Patriotic War:a note World War II . The result was the near-destruction of the British 1st Airborne Division during the Battle of Arnhem, which sustained almost 8,000 casualties. A. Historians often put forward many different estimates of the numbers killed and wounded during World War II. The population listed here of 194.090million is taken from Soviet era sources. Philippines military losses were 57,000 including 7,000 KIA in 194142 campaign, 8,000 guerrillas KIA 194245 and 42,000 POWs(out of 98,000). J. Arch Getty and Stephen G. Wheatcroft maintain that Soviet-era figures more accurately detail the victims of the Gulag labor camp system in the Stalin era. other overseas 23,388 killed and 0 wounded. Most of the troops were Canadian, with some British contingents and a small American and Free French presence along with British and Polish naval support. Sankt-Peterburg 1995, Edwin Bacon, Glasnost and the Gulag: New information on Soviet forced labour around World WarII. After years of war, the United Kingdom and France were exhausted. The official casualty statistics published by the governments of the United States, France, and the UK do not give the details of the national origin, race and religion of the losses. Warsaw 1947. According to Russian estimates the population in 1939 included 20.268million in the territories annexed by the USSR from 1939 to 1940: Russian sources estimate post war population transfers resulted in a net loss of (622,000). There were additional casualties in 193940, which totaled 136,945: There were 4,500 military deaths with the all Spanish. [254] Michael Haynes and Rumy Husun accept the figures from the Soviet archives as being an accurate tally of Stalin's victims, they maintain that the demographic data depicts an underdeveloped Soviet economy and the losses in World War Two rather than indicating a higher death toll in the Gulag labor camps. 2- The section Effects of Strategic Bombing on the German War Economy of October 31, 1945 put the losses at 375,000 killed and 625,000 wounded. The Germans in France were now faced by three powerful Allied army groups: in the north the British 21st Army Group commanded by Field Marshal Sir Bernard Montgomery, in the center the American 12th Army Group, commanded by General Omar Bradley and to the south the US 6th Army Group commanded by Lieutenant General Jacob L. Devers. According to the Czechoslovak State Statistical Office the population at 1/1/1939 (within post war 19451992 borders) was 14,612,000. Navy total 414,879 killed and 14,155 wounded and missing. The Greek government is planning to claim reparations from Germany for war damages. [475], 4-The Effects of strategic bombing on Japanese morale Based on a survey of Japanese households the death toll was put at 900,000 dead and 1.3million injured, the SBS noted that this figure was subject to a maximum sampling error of 30%. The footnotes give a detailed breakdown of the casualties and their sources, including data on the number of wounded where reliable sources are available. by Konrad Adenauer. The 17th SS Panzergrenadier Division Gtz von Berlichingen was located just south of the Loire in the vicinity of Tours. For the 19411944 Soviet military formation, see, Battles for Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Belgium and France, Ultimately under the command of Field Marshal, Interlude between 25 June 1940 to 6 June 1944. Dutch Military losses in Asia were 2,500 killed in the 1942. Fighting on the Western Front was preceded by the Phony War. The local, According to an official U.S. report during the. Civilian losses were due to the sinking of the. [415][416][417][418][419][420][421][422], Military war dead With a large number of men captured, the stubborn German resistance during the Allied campaign to reach the Rhine in February and March 1945 had been costly. (figures of Japanese Ministry of Health and Welfare), Ishikida, Miki (2005). 600,000 POWs of Allies; 50,000 POWs of Russians; 650,000 POWs of Germans, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS, AMERICAN PRISONERS OF WAR (POWs) AND MISSING IN ACTION (MIAs), U. S. DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS, AMERICAN PRISONERS OF WAR (POWs) AND MISSING IN ACTION (MIAs) (incl. Detailed by country: Werner Gruhl estimates the civilian deaths at 20,365,000. The hardest hit localities were Podgorica, Leskovac, Zadar and Belgrade. Deaths due to air and V-rocket attacks were 60,595 civilians and 1,206 British Home Guard. While the majority of the German army was mustered for the invasion of the Soviet Union, construction began on the Atlantic Wall a series of defensive fortifications along the French coast of the English Channel. In Berlin, the Reichsbanner resistance organization identified possible drop zones for Allied paratroopers and planned to guide them past German defenses into the city.[43]. Ingo Haar, "Straty zwiazane z wypedzeniami: stan bada, problemy, perspektywy", Die Flucht der deutschen Bevlkerung 1944/45, "Does Germany owe Greece wartime reparations money? Field Marshal Montgomery took the German military surrender of all German forces in The Netherlands, northwest Germany and Denmark on Lneburg Heath, an area between the cities of Hamburg, Hanover and Bremen, on 4 May 1945. Under Japanese internment, 992 died and another 544 were listed as "unknown"; under German internment, 168 died and a further 715 were listed as "unknown". The British Royal Air Force dropped propaganda leaflets on Germany and the first Canadian troops stepped ashore in Britain, while Western Europe was in a strange calm for seven months. The war was notable for the Nazi-sponsored genocide of the Jewish peoples resulting in more than 5.9 million deaths, and the impact of "Total War" on the world's population. [244] The Soviet-era archive figures on the Gulag labor camps has been the subject of a vigorous academic debate outside Russia since their publication in 1991. [180] The low, high and average percentage figures for deaths of the pre-war population have been added. The first phase saw the capitulation of Luxembourg, Netherlands, Belgium, and France during May and June 1940 after their defeat in the Low Countries and the northern half of France, and continued into an air war between Germany and Britain that climaxed with the Battle of Britain. The German economist. Belgian government sources reported 12,000 military war dead which included (8,800 killed, 500. These figures are for Germany in 1937 borders. The US Seventh Army and the French First Army, making up the US 6th Army Group, rapidly consolidated this beachhead and liberated Southern France in two weeks; they then moved north up the Rhone valley. Deaths in battle were 292,131. Demographer Boris Urlanis estimated Romanian war dead at 300,000 military and 200,000 civilians. Andreev, E.M.; Darski, L.E. [473], 2-United States Strategic Bombing Survey, Medical Division (1947) The bombing of Japan killed 333,000 civilians and injured 473,000. 4-The figures for Army wounded add up to 4,219,211. Edited by Executive Office of the Statistics Commission and Statistics Bureau of the Prime Minister's Office. Although the great powers of Europe had declared war on one another, neither side had yet committed to launching a significant attack, and there was relatively little fighting on the ground. The Auckland War Museum puts the number of World War II dead at 11,671. On 16 November the Allies started a large scale autumn offensive called Operation Queen. Sailors 300,386 killed and 12,275 wounded and missing. [147] ), (1945) The casualty figures compiled by the. 1993. 3,700 Dutch nationals in the German armed forces and 7,500 missing and presumed dead in Germany and 16,000 deaths The Western Front was a military theatre of World War II encompassing Denmark, Norway, Luxembourg, Belgium, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, France, and Germany. On that same day Field Marshal Wilhelm Keitel, as head of OKW and Jodl's superior, was brought to Marshal Georgy Zhukov in Karlshorst and signed another instrument of surrender that was essentially identical to that signed in Rheims with two minor additions requested by the Soviets. Civilian casualties include deaths caused by strategic bombing, Holocaust victims, German war crimes, Japanese war crimes, population transfers in the Soviet Union, Allied war crimes, and deaths due to war-related famine and disease. Solomon Islands: 63,200, 25,000, (88,200) Included in the figures of total war dead for each nation are victims of the Holocaust. "For Austria the consequences of the Nazi regime and the Second World War were disastrous: During this period 2,700 Austrians had been executed and more than 16,000 citizens murdered in the concentration camps. German historians Hans Henning Hahn and Eva Hahn (2010) have published a detailed study of the flight and expulsions. Vertreibung und Vertreibungsverbrechen 19451948. Rdiger Overmans writes "It seems entirely plausible, while not provable, that one half of the 1.5 million missing on the eastern front were killed in action, the other half (700,000) however in fact died in Soviet custody". 1937-1940 - Red Army purges . Micronesian war related civilian deaths were caused by American bombing and shellfire; and malnutrition caused by the U.S. blockade of the islands. German Army GroupG surrendered to US forces at Haar, in Bavaria, on 5 May. Population Changes in Europe Since 1939, Geneva 1951.p.44-45. While most of the German Army was fighting against Poland, a much smaller German force manned the Siegfried Line, their fortified defensive line along the French border. Some auxiliary and civilian organizations are also accorded war grave status if death occurred under certain specified conditions. The campaign to clear the Scheldt Estuary along with Operation Pheasant was a decisive victory for the Allies, as it allowed a greatly improved delivery of supplies directly from Antwerp, which was far closer to the front than the Normandy beaches. Front, called by the people in the Soviet Union as the Great Patriotic War, saw most of the damage in terms of military casualties, the Western Front, which encompassed Denmark, Norway, Luxembourg, Belgium, the Netherlands . pedagog. [nb 12] World War II military engagements in Southern Europe and elsewhere are generally considered as separate theatres. Mark Axworthy. Deaths directly caused by the war (including military and civilian fatalities) are estimated at 50-56 million, with an additional estimated 19-28 million deaths from war-related disease and famine. Hellmuth Auerbach: Opfer der nationalsozialistischen Gewaltherrschaft. [392] English language sources put the death toll at 2 to 3million based on the West German government statistical analysis of the 1950s. The breakout by service is as follows: Army 234,874. Holocaust Encyclopedia "How many Catholics were killed during the Holocaust? (1 January 1995). The OKW retained a substantial reserve of such mobile divisions also, but these were dispersed over a large area: the 1st SS Panzer Division Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler was still Netherlands, the 12th SS Panzer Division Hitlerjugend and the Panzer-Lehr Division were located in the ParisOrleans area, since the Normandy coastal defence sectors or (Kstenverteitigungsabschnitte KVA) were considered the most likely areas for an invasion. Dtv, Neuauflage 1992. The statistics tabulated by the CWGC are representative of the number of names commemorated for all servicemen/women of the Armed Forces of the Commonwealth and former UKDependencies, whose death was attributable to their war service. [179] Estimates of Holocaust deaths range between 4.9 and 5.9million Jews.[180]. Retrieved 4 March 2016. Battle deaths (including POWs who died in captivity, does not include those who died of disease and accidents). In addition, the war and genocidal policy were inextricably linked. The official figures for military war dead and missing in 194145 are 8,668,400 comprising 6,329,600 combat related deaths, 555,500 non-combat deaths. Total missing and POW were 341,765 (283,322 with Axis and 58,443 with Allies), only about 80,000 survived Soviet captivity. Dutch casualties are placed at 2,890 killed or missing, 6,900 wounded, with no information provided on those captured. Manchuria: 45,900, 800, (46,700) The 1939 Population for Germany within 1937 borders, Foreign nationals of German ancestry in the countries of, (1949) The West German Statistisches Bundesamt (Federal Statistical Office)estimated total war dead of 5,483,000; (3,250,000)military; (500,000) civilians killed in bombing raids and the land campaign; (1,533,000) deaths in the expulsions from Poland and (200,000) victims of Nazi racial, religious or political persecution. Tams Stark of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences has provided the following assessment of Hungarian losses. Bericht des Bundesarchivs vom 28. Bericht des Bundesarchivs vom 28. Some parishes continued burying in the Second World War military cemeteries up to the 1980s. Niewyk, Donald L. The Columbia Guide to the Holocaust, Columbia University Press, 2000; Statistisches Jahrbuch fr die Bundesrepublik Deutschland 1960 Bonn 1961 p. 78, Bundesarchiv Euthanasie" im Nationalsozialismus, bundesarchiv.de; accessed 5 March 2016.(German). The exact number of dead and injured will never be known because of the confusion after the explosions. The main Allied attack on the western front in 1916. iUniverse, Inc. (July 13, 2005). However, much was learned as a result of the operation these lessons would be put to good use in the subsequent invasion. Third Axis Fourth Ally. [1] World War II military engagements in Southern Europe and elsewhere are generally considered under separate headings. Military casualties include deaths of regular military forces from combat as well as non-combat causes. Heike Liebau et al., World in World Wars: Experiences, Perceptions, and Perspectives from Africa and Asia. Merchant Marine Casualties during World War II", "Croatian President Mesic Apologizes for Croatian Crimes Against the Jews during the Holocaust", "United States Holocaust Memorial Museum's Holocaust Encyclopedia: "Jasenovac", Documenting Numbers of Victims of the Holocaust and Nazi Persecution, The Central Database of Shoah Victims' Names, Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany, Rape during the Soviet occupation of Poland, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=World_War_II_casualties&oldid=1130798063, Articles with dead external links from March 2021, Articles with permanently dead external links, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from May 2020, Articles with German-language sources (de), Articles with Polish-language sources (pl), Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected pages, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2022, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2019, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, 34,000 (in both Soviet & German armed forces), 5000 Irish volunteers deaths included with UK Armed Forces, Conscripted Reservists not yet in active service (see note below). 1992-6, Stephane Courtois, The Black Book of Communism: Crimes, Terror, Repression, Harvard Univ Pr, 1999. Generals Eisenhower and Bradley concluded that pushing beyond the Elbe made no sense since eastern Germany was destined in any case to be occupied by the Red Army. ; Kharkova, T.L. (this paper was a presentation at an academic conference in Warsaw Poland in 1994), Dzieje Najnowsze Rocznik XXI-1994, Herausforderung Bevlkerung: zu Entwicklungen des modernen Denkens ber die Bevlkerung vor, im und nach dem Dritten Reich, Die Toten des Zweiten Weltkriegs in Deutschland. Krasnoiarskii gos. 3133 (figure includes 170,000 German Jews). German government figures of war losses do not include the increase in natural deaths with war casualties. 10,066; Paramilitary 3,252; not indicated 45,078. In May 1940, the Germans launched the Battle of France. .: , 1996. 1993; China's Anti-Japanese War Combat Operations. Confirmed dead were 159,957 (92,767 pre-armistice, 67,090 post armistice)[445] Aufl., 1. Archivalien und ausgewhlte Erlebnisberichte. This was followed by a pincer movement of the First Canadian Army in Operation Veritable advancing from the Nijmegen area of the Netherlands, and the US Ninth Army crossing the Roer in Operation Grenade. ^AH Malta 1,493 civilians were killed and 3,734 wounded during the Siege of Malta (World War II)[86] Maltese civilians killed during the siege are also included with U.K. civilian deaths by the Commonwealth War Graves Commission. Japan Proper: 58,100, 45,800, (103,900) 20,400 killed by acts of war, 104,000 Jewish Holocaust dead, 18,000 political prisoners in Germany, 27,000 workers in Germany, 1939 German Soldiers Help Thresh Wheat On France'S Western Front Ww2 Photo 7X9 . Entrenchments, machine gun emplacements, barbed wire and artillery repeatedly inflicted severe casualties during attacks and counter-attacks and no significant advances were made. Civilian deaths totaled 50-55 million. German Federal Archive Spieler, Silke. France, AxisGermanyItaly(19401943)Italian Social Republic(19431945) Hungary[1](19441945), (~70% of Allied troops and casualties were Americans)[8]. The distinction between military and civilian casualties caused directly by warfare and collateral damage is not always clear-cut. (Victims of Two Dictatorships. The West German government in made a rough estimate in 1956 of 20,000 civilians killed during the 1945 military campaign in current post war German borders, not including the former German territories in Poland. As the Allies advanced across France, their supply lines stretched to breaking point. [250][251] Rosefielde posits that the release of the Soviet Archive figures is disinformation generated by the modern KGB. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum[236]. About 298,000 Americans died. 15", "Figures were compiled by the Relief Bureau of the Ministry of Health and Welfare in March 1964", American Historical Association: Lessons from Iwo Jima footnote 1, "Reports of General MacArthur. German scholar Hellmuth Auerbach puts the death toll in the Hitler era at 6million Jews killed in the Holocaust and 7million other victims of the Nazis. China (inc. Hong Kong): 435,600, 20,100, (455,700) Germany reports. (This paper was a presentation at an academic conference in Warsaw Poland in 1994), Dzieje Najnowsze Rocznik XXI-1994, Pistohlkors, Gert. Losses by branch of service: Army 201,405; Navy 22,034; Air Force 9,096; Colonial Forces 354; Chaplains 91; Fascist militia In this uncertain situation, estimates of casualties have generally ranged between 100,000 and 180,000 for Hiroshima, and between 50,000 and 100,000 for Nagasaki. The non-belligerent United States contributed to the Western Allies by discounted sales of military equipment and supplies. In addition the civilian population was conscripted by the Japanese as forced laborers and were subjected to numerous mindless atrocities. The Italian Ministry of Defense estimated 10,000 deaths of native soldiers in, These totals do not include losses in the Italian, Military dead include killed and missing from the. Study of the Loire in the Second World war II, barbed and. V-Rocket attacks were 60,595 civilians and 1,206 British Home Guard the Soviet Archive figures is disinformation generated by the as... Missing in 194145 are 8,668,400 comprising 6,329,600 combat related deaths, 555,500 non-combat deaths POW were 341,765 ( 283,322 Axis! Perspectives from Africa and Asia Repression, Harvard Univ Pr, 1999 conscripted by the in... 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